310 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
310 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
# Домашнее задание 7
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## Сборка RPM-пакета и создание репозитория
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Для выполнение задания используется Fedora Linux 43 (Server Edition)
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### Устанавливаем дополнительные пакеты
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Для работы с собственным репозиторием устанавливаем дополнительные пакеты
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 ~]# yum install -y wget rpmdevtools rpm-build createrepo yum-utils cmake gcc git
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Updating and loading repositories:
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Fedora 43 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_ 100% | 3.7 KiB/s | 5.8 KiB | 00m02s
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Fedora 43 - x86_64 100% | 6.9 MiB/s | 35.7 MiB | 00m05s
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Fedora 43 - x86_64 - Updates 100% | 710.5 KiB/s | 5.7 MiB | 00m08s
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Repositories loaded.
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Package "wget2-wget-2.2.0-6.fc43.x86_64" is already installed.
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...
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...
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[76/78] Removing libxcrypt-0:4.4.38-8.fc43.x86_64 100% | 1.2 KiB/s | 18.0 B | 00m00s
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[77/78] Removing libgomp-0:15.2.1-2.fc43.x86_64 100% | 2.2 KiB/s | 9.0 B | 00m00s
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[78/78] Removing libgcc-0:15.2.1-2.fc43.x86_64 100% | 3.0 B/s | 11.0 B | 00m03s
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Complete!
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```
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### Загрузка SRPM пакета apache
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Создаем папку куда будем загружать, и скачиваем apache
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 ~]# mkdir /var/rpm
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[root@fedora2 ~]# cd /var/rpm/
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[root@fedora2 rpm]# yumdownloader --source httpd
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enabling fedora-source repository
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enabling fedora-cisco-openh264-source repository
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enabling updates-source repository
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Fedora 43 - x86_64 8.5 MB/s | 35 MB 00:04
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Fedora 43 - Source 6.3 MB/s | 5.9 MB 00:00
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Fedora 43 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 1.8 kB/s | 1.8 kB 00:01
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Fedora 43 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 - Source 1.1 kB/s | 770 B 00:00
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Fedora 43 - x86_64 - Updates 4.2 MB/s | 4.7 MB 00:01
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Fedora 43 - Updates Source 901 kB/s | 769 kB 00:00
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httpd-2.4.65-3.fc43.src.rpm 183 kB/s | 7.7 MB 00:43
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```
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Установка пакета и зависимостей
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 rpm]# rpm -Uvh httpd-2.4.65-3.fc43.src.rpm
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Updating / installing...
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1:httpd-2.4.65-3.fc43 ################################# [100%]
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[root@fedora2 rpm]# yum-builddep httpd -y
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enabling fedora-source repository
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enabling fedora-cisco-openh264-source repository
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enabling updates-source repository
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Last metadata expiration check: 0:06:21 ago on Thu 27 Nov 2025 12:00:11 PM MSK.
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Package make-1:4.4.1-11.fc43.x86_64 is already installed.
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Package gcc-15.2.1-4.fc43.x86_64 is already installed.
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Package systemd-rpm-macros-258-1.fc43.noarch is already installed.
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Package gnupg2-2.4.8-4.fc43.x86_64 is already installed.
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Package perl-interpreter-4:5.42.0-520.fc43.x86_64 is already installed.
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Package pkgconf-pkg-config-2.3.0-3.fc43.x86_64 is already installed.
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Package findutils-1:4.10.0-6.fc43.x86_64 is already installed.
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Package libxcrypt-devel-4.5.2-1.fc43.x86_64 is already installed.
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Dependencies resolved.
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=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
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Package Architecture Version Repository Size
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=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
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Installing:
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apr-devel x86_64 1.7.6-3.fc43 fedora 235 k
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apr-util-devel x86_64 1.6.3-25.fc43 updates 78 k
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...
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...
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Complete!
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```
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### Изменение и сборка пакета
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Далее я хочу изменить установку apache так, что бы после установки он работал на 81 порту а не не на 80.
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Для этого редактируем httpd.spec
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 rpm]# cd ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/
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[root@fedora2 SPECS]# vi httpd.spec
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```
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Найдем сценарий %post (в данном сценарии выполняются действия после установки пакета), и вставим небольшой скрипт, который заменит порт в стандартной конфигурации apache
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```bash
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sed -i 's/^Listen 80/Listen 81/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
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```
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Собираем RPM пакет
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 SPECS]# rpmbuild -ba httpd.spec -D 'debug_package %{nil}'
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setting SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=1762905600
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Executing(%mkbuilddir): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.2KbsA2
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Executing(%prep): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.Mrff9G
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+ umask 022
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+ cd /root/rpmbuild/BUILD/httpd-2.4.65-build
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+ /usr/libexec/gpgverify --keyring=/root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/KEYS --signature=/root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/httpd-2.4.65.tar.bz2.asc --data=/root/rpmbuild/SOURCES/httpd-2.4.65.tar.bz2
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gpgv: Signature made Mon Jul 21 15:10:24 2025 MSK
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gpgv: using RSA key 65B2D44FE74BD5E3DE3AC3F082781DE46D5954FA
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...
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```
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Копируем пакеты в общий каталог
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 SPECS]# cp ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/* ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/
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```
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Пробуем установить apache
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 SPECS]# cd ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# dnf install ./httpd-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# dnf install ./httpd-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm
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Updating and loading repositories:
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Repositories loaded.
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Package Arch Version Repository Size
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Installing:
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httpd x86_64 2.4.65-3.fc43 @commandline 61.5 KiB
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Installing dependencies:
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fedora-logos-httpd noarch 42.0.1-2.fc43 fedora 12.1 KiB
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httpd-core x86_64 2.4.65-3.fc43 updates 4.5 MiB
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httpd-filesystem noarch 2.4.65-3.fc43
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....
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....
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[10/10] Installing julietaula-montserrat-fonts-1:9.000-3.fc43.noarch 100% | 6.5 MiB/s | 5.6 MiB | 00m01s
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Warning: skipped OpenPGP checks for 1 package from repository: @commandline
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Complete!
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```
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Apache успешно установился, запускаем его и смотрим, какие порты он слушает.
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# systemctl start httpd
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```
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# ss -tulpn | grep httpd
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tcp LISTEN 0 511 *:81 *:* users:(("httpd",pid=134653,fd=4),("httpd",pid=134652,fd=4),("httpd",pid=134651,fd=4),("httpd",pid=134649,fd=4)
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```
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Мы видим, что он слушает 81 порт, как мы и хотели.
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### Создание своего репозитория
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Создадим каталог
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# mkdir /var/www/html/repo
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```
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Скопируем туда ранее созданные RMP пакеты
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# cp ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/*.rpm /var/www/html/repo/
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```
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Создаем репозиторий
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# createrepo /var/www/html/repo/
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Directory walk started
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Directory walk done - 11 packages
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Temporary output repo path: /var/www/html/repo/.repodata/
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Pool started (with 5 workers)
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Pool finished
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```
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С помощью curl проверим, что нам отдает apache
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# curl -a http://localhost:81/repo/
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>Index of /repo</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>Index of /repo</h1>
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<table>
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<tr><th valign="top"><img src="/icons/blank.gif" alt="[ICO]"></th><th><a href="?C=N;O=D">Name</a></th><th><a href="?C=M;O=A">Last modified</a></th><th><a href="?C=S;O=A">Size</a></th><th><a href="?C=D;O=A">Description</a></th></tr>
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<tr><th colspan="5"><hr></th></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/back.gif" alt="[PARENTDIR]"></td><td><a href="/">Parent Directory</a> </td><td> </td><td align="right"> - </td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="httpd-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">httpd-2.4.65-3.fc43...></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right"> 45K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="httpd-core-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">httpd-core-2.4.65-3...></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right">1.3M</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="httpd-devel-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">httpd-devel-2.4.65-3..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right">194K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="httpd-filesystem-2.4.65-3.fc43.noarch.rpm">httpd-filesystem-2.4..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right"> 12K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="httpd-manual-2.4.65-3.fc43.noarch.rpm">httpd-manual-2.4.65-..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right">2.2M</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="httpd-tools-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">httpd-tools-2.4.65-3..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right"> 77K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="mod_ldap-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">mod_ldap-2.4.65-3.fc..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right"> 58K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="mod_lua-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">mod_lua-2.4.65-3.fc4..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right"> 58K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="mod_proxy_html-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">mod_proxy_html-2.4.6..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right"> 34K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="mod_session-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">mod_session-2.4.65-3..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right"> 42K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/unknown.gif" alt="[ ]"></td><td><a href="mod_ssl-2.4.65-3.fc43.x86_64.rpm">mod_ssl-2.4.65-3.fc4..></a></td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right">109K</td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><td valign="top"><img src="/icons/folder.gif" alt="[DIR]"></td><td><a href="repodata/">repodata/</a> </td><td align="right">2025-11-27 15:47 </td><td align="right"> - </td><td> </td></tr>
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<tr><th colspan="5"><hr></th></tr>
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</table>
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</body></html>
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```
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Подключаем созданный репозиторий в систему
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/home.repo<< EOF
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[home]
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name=home-linux
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baseurl=http://localhost:81/repo
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gpgcheck=0
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enabled=1
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EOF
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```
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Для проверки добавим еще паке в наш репозиторий
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 x86_64]# cd /var/www/html/repo/
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[root@fedora2 repo]# wget https://repo.percona.com/yum/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm
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Saving 'percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm'
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HTTP response 200 [https://repo.percona.com/yum/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm]
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percona-release-late 100% [=====================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 27.86K --.-KB/s
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[Files: 1 Bytes: 27.86K [89.30KB/s] Redirects: 0 Todo: 0 Errors: 0 ]
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```
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Обновим список пакетов
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 repo]# createrepo /var/www/html/repo/
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Directory walk started
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Directory walk done - 13 packages
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Temporary output repo path: /var/www/html/repo/.repodata/
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Pool started (with 5 workers)
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Pool finished
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[root@fedora2 repo]# yum makecache
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Updating and loading repositories:
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home-linux 100% | 1.1 MiB/s | 6.8 KiB | 00m00s
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Repositories loaded.
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Metadata cache created.
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```
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Посмотрим, какие пакеты данный момент есть в репозитории
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 repo]# yum list | grep home
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Updating and loading repositories:
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Repositories loaded.
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httpd-devel.x86_64 2.4.65-3.fc43 home
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httpd-manual.noarch 2.4.65-3.fc43 home
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mod_ldap.x86_64 2.4.65-3.fc43 home
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mod_proxy_html.x86_64 1:2.4.65-3.fc43 home
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mod_session.x86_64 2.4.65-3.fc43 home
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mod_ssl.x86_64 1:2.4.65-3.fc43 home
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percona-release.noarch 1.0-32 home
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```
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Пробуем установить
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```bash
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[root@fedora2 repo]# yum install -y percona-release.noarch
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Updating and loading repositories:
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Repositories loaded.
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Package Arch Version Repository Size
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Installing:
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percona-release noarch 1.0-32 home 50.3 KiB
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...
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...
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Complete!
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```
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Готово, наш репозиторий в рабочем состоянии!
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